Efeito do estresse pré-natal na regulação da inflamação alérgica pulmonar no modelo murino de asma experimental

Effect of prenatal stress in regulating pulmonary allergic inflammation in a murine model of experimental asthma

Contenido principal del artículo

Vagner Gonçalves Jr
Ana Paula Ligeiro de Oliveira
Karin Kieling

Resumen

Devido ao seu rápido crescimento, o feto é particularmente vulnerável a insultos e modificações no millieu hormonal. Este fato sugere que situações adversas experimentadas pela mãe grávida podem alterar o desenvolvimento e a saúde da prole, explicado principalmente pela permeabilidade da barreira placentária a diversos hormônios e substâncias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito do estresse pré-natal na regulação da inflamação alérgica pulmonar, empregando o modelo murino de asma experimental. Para este propósito foram utilizadas camundongas virgens da linhagem Swiss, com 50 dias de idade. Foi empregado o modelo de choque nas patas para promover o estresse pré-natal e o modelo do “metrô de Nova Efeito do estresse pré-natal na regulação da inflamação alérgica pulmonar no modelo murino de asma experimental 65 Iorque” para o estresse pós-natal. As fêmeas foram distribuídas em 4 grupos experimentais: CC: fêmeas não estressadas;
CE: fêmeas estressadas pós-natalmente aos 60 dias de idade (PND60), EC: fêmeas nascidas de mães estressadas entre o dia 15 (GD15) e 18 de gestação (GD18); EE: fêmeas nascidas de mães estressadas entre o GD15 e GD18 e estressadas pós-natalmente aos PND60. A indução da inflamação alérgica pulmonar foi realizada através da sensibilização dos animais com solução de ovalbumina (OVA) 0,1 mg.Kg-1 sc para avaliação do leucograma, lavado broncoalveolar (BAL), celularidade hematopoiética medular e neuroquímica. Os experimentos foram realizados 24h após a última sessão de nebulização.
O número de células do BAL foi significantemente maior nos animais do grupo EE, em relação àqueles dos grupos CC (P<0.01), CE (P<0.01) e EC (P<0.001). Na contagem diferencial do BAL os linfócitos e macrófagos do grupo EE foram significantemente maiores que em os outros grupos avaliados (P<0.05). Na contagem diferencial de células no sangue não foram observadas alterações (P>0.05) para os linfócitos, neutrófilos, eosinófilos e monócitos; porém, observou-se diferenças significativas (P<0.05) entre o número de bastonetes dos grupos, sendo maior nos animais do grupo CC em relação àqueles
do grupo EC. O número de células hematopoiéticas da medula óssea foi significantemente (P<0.05) menor nos animais do grupo EE, em relação àqueles do grupo CC. No córtex pré-frontal, há diferenças significantes na relação Ácido Homovanílico/Dopamina (HVA/DA) (P<0.05), sendo maior nos animais do grupo EC, em relação àqueles do grupo CE. Em conclusão,
o estresse pré-natal levou a modulação de células do sistema imune (SI) dos neonatos, evidenciado após a exposição a estresse agudo pós-natal, amplificando a resposta alérgica pulmonar. Sugere-se que a maior susceptibilidade dos animais do grupo EE seja consequência de alterações induzidas pelo estresse pré-natal no eixo hipotálamo-pituitária-adrenal (HPA).

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Detalles del artículo

Biografía del autor/a (VER)

Vagner Gonçalves Jr, Universidad de São Paulo

Farmaceuta; MSc; estudante PhD;Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo

Ana Paula Ligeiro de Oliveira, Universidade Nove de Julho

Cienc. Biol., MSc, PhD, Universidade Nove de Julho, Campus Vergueiro, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Karin Kieling, BioLab Brasil

Biomédica, MSc, BioLab Brasil, Materiais para Laboratório, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

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